...a couple of problems away
The title up there is taken from a quote by Craig Grimes , a professor of electrical engineering at Penn State University. According to Grimes, his group is “only a couple of problems away” from developing an inexpensive and easily scalable technique for water photoelectrolysis (the splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen using light energy) that could help power the proposed hydrogen economy. As you probably know, methods of hydrogen production currently employed split hydrogen from natural gas in a process that produces CO2, which is a climate changing greenhouse gas. Since hydrogen is abundently available in water (H2O) it would be much better--and cheaper--if we could extract it from water at a reasonable cost. You can do it now by running electrical current through water but it's not very efficient. The Penn State scientists speculated that by doping a TiO2 (titanium oxide, a common ingredient in white paint) film with a form of iron called hematite, a low band gap semico...